440 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
440 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# SimpleRemoter 测试架构
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本文档描述项目的测试架构、框架选择和最佳实践。
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## 目录
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- [测试框架](#测试框架)
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- [目录结构](#目录结构)
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- [测试分类](#测试分类)
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- [命名规范](#命名规范)
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- [编写指南](#编写指南)
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- [运行测试](#运行测试)
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- [CI/CD 集成](#cicd-集成)
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## 测试框架
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### Google Test (gtest)
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项目采用 [Google Test](https://github.com/google/googletest) 作为主要测试框架。
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**选择理由：**
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| 特性 | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| 功能完整 | 支持断言、Mock、参数化测试、死亡测试 |
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| 跨平台 | Windows/Linux 均可使用 |
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| VS 集成 | Visual Studio Test Explorer 直接支持 |
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| CI 友好 | 输出 JUnit XML 格式，CI 系统可直接解析 |
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| 社区活跃 | 文档完善，问题易解决 |
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### 版本要求
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- Google Test: 1.14.0+
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- CMake: 3.14+
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- C++: 17+ (使用结构化绑定等特性)
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- Visual Studio: 2019 或 2022
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## 目录结构
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```
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SimpleRemoter/
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├── test/ # 测试根目录
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│ ├── CMakeLists.txt # 测试构建配置 (14 个测试可执行文件)
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│ ├── test.bat # Windows 测试管理脚本
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│ ├── unit/ # 单元测试
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│ │ ├── client/ # 客户端模块测试
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│ │ │ └── BufferTest.cpp # 客户端 Buffer (33 用例) ✅
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│ │ ├── server/ # 服务端模块测试
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│ │ │ └── BufferTest.cpp # 服务端 Buffer (40 用例) ✅
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│ │ ├── protocol/ # 协议层测试 (Phase 1)
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│ │ │ ├── PacketTest.cpp # 文件传输包 (39 用例) ✅
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│ │ │ └── PathUtilsTest.cpp # 路径处理 (19 用例) ✅
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│ │ ├── file/ # 文件传输测试 (Phase 2)
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│ │ │ ├── FileTransferV2Test.cpp # V2 传输逻辑 (37 用例) ✅
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│ │ │ ├── ChunkManagerTest.cpp # 分块管理 (36 用例) ✅
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│ │ │ ├── SHA256VerifyTest.cpp # SHA-256 校验 (28 用例) ✅
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│ │ │ └── ResumeStateTest.cpp # 断点续传状态 (26 用例) ✅
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│ │ ├── network/ # 网络通信测试 (Phase 3)
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│ │ │ ├── HeaderTest.cpp # 协议头验证 (29 用例) ✅
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│ │ │ ├── PacketFragmentTest.cpp # 粘包/分包 (24 用例) ✅
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│ │ │ └── HttpMaskTest.cpp # HTTP 伪装 (27 用例) ✅
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│ │ └── screen/ # 图像处理测试 (Phase 4)
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│ │ ├── DiffAlgorithmTest.cpp # 差分算法 (32 用例) ✅
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│ │ ├── RGB565Test.cpp # RGB565 压缩 (286 用例) ✅
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│ │ ├── ScrollDetectorTest.cpp # 滚动检测 (43 用例) ✅
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│ │ └── QualityAdaptiveTest.cpp # 质量自适应 (64 用例) ✅
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│ ├── integration/ # 集成测试 (待实现)
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│ ├── mocks/ # Mock 对象 (待实现)
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│ └── fixtures/ # 测试数据/夹具 (待实现)
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├── docs/
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│ └── TestingArchitecture.md # 本文档
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└── ...
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```
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## 测试分类
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### 单元测试 (Unit Tests)
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测试单个类或函数的独立功能。
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**特点：**
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- 快速执行（毫秒级）
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- 无外部依赖（网络、文件系统等）
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- 高覆盖率目标（>80%）
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**示例：**
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```cpp
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TEST(BufferTest, WriteBuffer_ValidData_ReturnsTrue) {
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CBuffer buffer;
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BYTE data[] = {1, 2, 3};
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EXPECT_TRUE(buffer.WriteBuffer(data, 3));
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EXPECT_EQ(buffer.GetBufferLength(), 3);
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}
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```
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### 集成测试 (Integration Tests)
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测试多个组件的协作。
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**特点：**
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- 测试组件间交互
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- 可能涉及真实资源
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- 执行时间较长
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### 端到端测试 (E2E Tests)
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测试完整的用户场景。
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**特点：**
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- 模拟真实使用场景
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- 客户端 ↔ 服务端完整流程
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- 执行时间最长
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## 命名规范
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### 测试文件
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```
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<ClassName>Test.cpp
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例：BufferTest.cpp, FileManagerTest.cpp
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```
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### 测试套件
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```
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<ClassName>Test
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例：TEST(BufferTest, ...)
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```
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### 测试用例
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采用 `MethodName_StateUnderTest_ExpectedBehavior` 格式：
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```cpp
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// 好的命名
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TEST(BufferTest, ReadBuffer_WhenBufferEmpty_ReturnsZero)
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TEST(BufferTest, WriteBuffer_ExceedsCapacity_ReallocatesMemory)
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TEST(BufferTest, Skip_ExceedsDataLength_ClampsToAvailable)
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// 避免的命名
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TEST(BufferTest, Test1)
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TEST(BufferTest, ReadWorks)
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```
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## 编写指南
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### AAA 模式
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所有测试应遵循 Arrange-Act-Assert 模式：
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```cpp
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TEST(BufferTest, ReadBuffer_PartialRead_ReturnsRequestedLength) {
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// Arrange - 准备测试数据和对象
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CBuffer buffer;
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BYTE writeData[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
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buffer.WriteBuffer(writeData, 5);
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// Act - 执行被测操作
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BYTE readData[3];
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ULONG bytesRead = buffer.ReadBuffer(readData, 3);
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// Assert - 验证结果
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EXPECT_EQ(bytesRead, 3);
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EXPECT_EQ(readData[0], 1);
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EXPECT_EQ(readData[1], 2);
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EXPECT_EQ(readData[2], 3);
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EXPECT_EQ(buffer.GetBufferLength(), 2);
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}
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```
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### 边界条件测试
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确保覆盖边界情况：
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```cpp
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// 空缓冲区
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TEST(BufferTest, ReadBuffer_EmptyBuffer_ReturnsZero)
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// 零长度操作
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TEST(BufferTest, WriteBuffer_ZeroLength_ReturnsTrue)
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// 请求超过可用数据
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TEST(BufferTest, ReadBuffer_RequestExceedsAvailable_ReturnsAvailableOnly)
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// 大数据量
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TEST(BufferTest, WriteBuffer_LargeData_HandlesCorrectly)
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```
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### 参数化测试
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对于需要多组数据验证的场景：
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```cpp
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class BufferReadTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<size_t, size_t, size_t>> {};
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TEST_P(BufferReadTest, ReadBuffer_VariousLengths) {
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auto [writeLen, readLen, expectedRead] = GetParam();
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CBuffer buffer;
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std::vector<BYTE> data(writeLen, 0x42);
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buffer.WriteBuffer(data.data(), writeLen);
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std::vector<BYTE> result(readLen);
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ULONG actual = buffer.ReadBuffer(result.data(), readLen);
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EXPECT_EQ(actual, expectedRead);
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}
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INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
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ReadLengths,
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BufferReadTest,
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::testing::Values(
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std::make_tuple(10, 5, 5), // 正常读取
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std::make_tuple(5, 10, 5), // 请求超过可用
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std::make_tuple(0, 5, 0), // 空缓冲区
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std::make_tuple(100, 0, 0) // 零长度读取
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)
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);
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```
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### 线程安全测试（服务端 Buffer）
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```cpp
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TEST(ServerBufferTest, ConcurrentReadWrite_NoDataCorruption) {
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CBuffer buffer;
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std::atomic<bool> running{true};
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// 写线程
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std::thread writer([&]() {
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BYTE data[100];
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while (running) {
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buffer.WriteBuffer(data, sizeof(data));
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}
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});
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// 读线程
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std::thread reader([&]() {
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BYTE data[50];
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while (running) {
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buffer.ReadBuffer(data, sizeof(data));
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}
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});
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std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
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running = false;
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writer.join();
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reader.join();
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// 验证无崩溃即为成功
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SUCCEED();
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}
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```
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## 运行测试
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### 使用 test.bat (推荐)
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Windows 下最简单的方式是使用 `test.bat` 脚本：
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```batch
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cd test
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test.bat build # 构建测试 (14 个可执行文件)
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test.bat run # 运行所有测试 (763 个)
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test.bat run client # 只运行客户端 Buffer 测试 (33)
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test.bat run server # 只运行服务端 Buffer 测试 (40)
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test.bat run protocol # 只运行协议测试 (58)
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test.bat run file # 只运行文件传输测试 (127)
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test.bat run network # 只运行网络通信测试 (80)
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test.bat run screen # 只运行图像处理测试 (425)
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test.bat run verbose # 详细模式运行
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test.bat clean # 清理构建目录
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test.bat rebuild # 清理后重新构建
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test.bat help # 显示帮助
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```
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### CMake 手动构建
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```bash
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cd test
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# 配置
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cmake -B build -G "Visual Studio 17 2022"
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# 构建
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cmake --build build --config Release
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# 运行所有测试
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ctest --test-dir build -C Release --output-on-failure
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# 运行特定测试
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ctest --test-dir build -C Release -R Client # 客户端测试
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ctest --test-dir build -C Release -R Server # 服务端测试
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# 详细输出
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ctest --test-dir build -C Release -V
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```
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### 直接运行可执行文件
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```batch
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:: Phase 1: Buffer 测试
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test\build\Release\client_buffer_test.exe
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test\build\Release\server_buffer_test.exe
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:: Phase 1: 协议测试
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test\build\Release\protocol_test.exe
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:: Phase 2: 文件传输测试
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test\build\Release\file_transfer_test.exe
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test\build\Release\chunk_manager_test.exe
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test\build\Release\sha256_verify_test.exe
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test\build\Release\resume_state_test.exe
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:: Phase 3: 网络通信测试
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test\build\Release\header_test.exe
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test\build\Release\packet_fragment_test.exe
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test\build\Release\http_mask_test.exe
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:: Phase 4: 图像处理测试
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test\build\Release\diff_algorithm_test.exe
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test\build\Release\rgb565_test.exe
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test\build\Release\scroll_detector_test.exe
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test\build\Release\quality_adaptive_test.exe
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:: 使用 gtest 过滤器
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header_test.exe --gtest_filter="*Encrypt*"
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rgb565_test.exe --gtest_filter="*Conversion*"
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:: 列出所有测试（不运行）
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quality_adaptive_test.exe --gtest_list_tests
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:: 输出 XML 报告
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protocol_test.exe --gtest_output=xml:report.xml
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```
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## CI/CD 集成
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### GitHub Actions 示例
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```yaml
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name: Tests
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on: [push, pull_request]
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jobs:
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test:
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runs-on: windows-latest
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v4
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- name: Configure CMake
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working-directory: test
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run: cmake -B build -G "Visual Studio 17 2022"
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- name: Build
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working-directory: test
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run: cmake --build build --config Release
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- name: Run Tests
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working-directory: test
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run: ctest --test-dir build -C Release --output-on-failure
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- name: Upload Test Results
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uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
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if: always()
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with:
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name: test-results
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path: test/build/Release/*.xml
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```
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## 覆盖率
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### 使用 gcov/lcov (Linux)
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```bash
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# 配置（启用覆盖率）
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cmake -B build -DBUILD_TESTING=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
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-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="--coverage"
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# 构建并运行测试
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cmake --build build
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ctest --test-dir build
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# 生成报告
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lcov --capture --directory build --output-file coverage.info
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genhtml coverage.info --output-directory coverage_report
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```
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## 当前测试状态
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**总计: 763 个测试用例，全部通过** ✅ (执行时间 < 3 秒)
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### 已覆盖模块
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| 阶段 | 模块 | 测试文件 | 用例数 | 状态 |
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|------|------|----------|--------|------|
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| Phase 1 | 客户端 Buffer | `unit/client/BufferTest.cpp` | 33 | ✅ |
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| Phase 1 | 服务端 Buffer | `unit/server/BufferTest.cpp` | 40 | ✅ |
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| Phase 1 | 协议/数据包 | `unit/protocol/PacketTest.cpp` | 39 | ✅ |
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| Phase 1 | 路径处理 | `unit/protocol/PathUtilsTest.cpp` | 19 | ✅ |
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| Phase 2 | V2 文件传输 | `unit/file/FileTransferV2Test.cpp` | 37 | ✅ |
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| Phase 2 | 分块管理 | `unit/file/ChunkManagerTest.cpp` | 36 | ✅ |
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| Phase 2 | SHA-256 校验 | `unit/file/SHA256VerifyTest.cpp` | 28 | ✅ |
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| Phase 2 | 断点续传 | `unit/file/ResumeStateTest.cpp` | 26 | ✅ |
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| Phase 3 | 协议头验证 | `unit/network/HeaderTest.cpp` | 29 | ✅ |
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| Phase 3 | 粘包/分包 | `unit/network/PacketFragmentTest.cpp` | 24 | ✅ |
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| Phase 3 | HTTP 伪装 | `unit/network/HttpMaskTest.cpp` | 27 | ✅ |
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| Phase 4 | 差分算法 | `unit/screen/DiffAlgorithmTest.cpp` | 32 | ✅ |
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| Phase 4 | RGB565 压缩 | `unit/screen/RGB565Test.cpp` | 286 | ✅ |
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| Phase 4 | 滚动检测 | `unit/screen/ScrollDetectorTest.cpp` | 43 | ✅ |
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| Phase 4 | 质量自适应 | `unit/screen/QualityAdaptiveTest.cpp` | 64 | ✅ |
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| | **合计** | | **763** | ✅ |
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### 测试分布概览
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| 阶段 | 测试类别 | 用例数 | 说明 |
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|------|---------|--------|------|
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| Phase 1 | Buffer 操作 | 73 | 读写、跳过、边界、线程安全 |
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| Phase 1 | 协议解析 | 58 | V2 数据包、路径处理 |
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| Phase 2 | 文件传输 | 127 | 分块、续传、校验 |
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| Phase 3 | 网络通信 | 80 | 包头、分包、伪装 |
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| Phase 4 | 图像处理 | 425 | 差分、RGB565、滚动、自适应 |
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### 待测试模块
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| 优先级 | 模块 | 说明 |
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|-------|------|------|
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| 中 | 系统管理 | 进程列表、服务管理 |
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| 中 | 终端 | 命令解析、输出处理 |
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| 低 | 压缩模块 | zstd 压缩/解压 |
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## 参考资料
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- [Google Test 官方文档](https://google.github.io/googletest/)
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- [Google Mock 入门](https://google.github.io/googletest/gmock_for_dummies.html)
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- [C++ 单元测试最佳实践](https://github.com/cpp-best-practices/cppbestpractices/blob/master/08-Considering_Safety.md)
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